We all got to know steel. We employ it within your everyday life. But have you ever wondered how to produce it? And what can it choose to use produce it? This is the steel is made inside a big factory which is cooked inside a giant stove called furnace. Along with the cooking itself takes a lot of ingredients inside it.
The Blast Furnace and Electric Arc Furnace methods will be the two major methods for producing iron and steel products. Scrap melting may be the major process utilizing Electric Arc Furnaces. Recently, industry competition is now increasingly intense, elevating the need for a much more efficient melting process. Capacities with the transformers are becoming larger and electric furnaces are increasing larger worldwide. Within this manufacturing environment, graphite materials which may have durability for larger-power operation are needed far more to the use as Graphite Electrode (GE).
GE are made from carbon. Carbon is really a nonmetal element with an atomic number of 6 and also the atomic symbol “C”. Carbon could be the base of organic chemistry, closely linked to organic matter and life activity. Manufacturing excellent graphite electrodes requires quality materials which are strictly selected.
Graphite carries a higher heat transfer rating, capacity higher temperatures, and contains more strength against thermal shock than other materials. Moreover, it excels in machinability in order to meet what’s needed for the broader variety of dimensions. Thus, graphite could be the optimum material for scrap-melting electrodes.
GE are typically consumed at high temperatures as a result of reaction with oxygen to get CO, CO2. The oxidation of electrodes starts at 500oC and accelerates its speed at 800oC (inside furnace). Usage of graphite electrodes by sublimation occurs at 3400o. The velocity of sublimation is proportional on the increase of current density.
Meanwhile, utilization of quality GE brings about contributions to saving energy and environmental conservation. Electric arc furnaces, together with the main function of recycling steel scraps, market reuse of steel products.
Production organization of graphite electrodes can be divided as 10 stages the following:
Raw material transporting
Kneading
Extruding
Baking
Pitch Impregnation
Re-Baking
Graphitization
Machining
Inspection
Shipment
The common sizes for graphite electrodes come from diameter 10″ (inch) to 30″(inch) and from duration of 60″(inch) to 110″(inch). The weights are which range from 123 Kgs (10″ x 60″) to 2060 Kgs (30″ x 110″).
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